Blunt carotid injury (BCI) and blunt vertebral injury,
collectively known as BCVI, have historically been
considered rare, but potentially devastating, events.
Early multicenter reviews collectively reported BCI-related
mortality rates of 23%, with 48% of survivors suffering
permanent severe neurologic sequelae.1–4
In these reviews, the collective incidence of BCI was
noted to be 0.1% among blunt trauma victims admitted to
trauma centers. In the latter part of the 1990s, with
awareness heightened by the landmark series from
Memphis,5 the
reported incidence of BCI increased to 0.24%–0.4%.5–7
The Denver group confirmed that many injuries were
clinically occult8
and instituted liberal screening of asymptomatic
patients in the mid- 1990s.9
Screening for BCVI has now become widespread, and
several centers have reported an incidence of BCVI
exceeding 1% of blunt trauma admissions.10–15